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Jack London uses the devices of plot, setting, and characterization in this shortstory "To Build A Fire" to convey his message that humans need to be social. Londonsets an average, middle-aged logger in a deserted Yukon trail during a wintry season. Thetemperature is seventy-five degrees below zero and the logger and his husky are travelingtowards Henderson Creek, about ten miles away, where the logger's companions arelocated. London places the man in this Yukon environment to symbolize that in this cold,cruel world, we need to learn how to benefit from each other.Prior to embarking on his journey, the logger is given advice from an old-timerat Sulfur Creek that "no man must travel alone in the Klondike after fifty below". Thelogger thinks this is "rather womanish" and believes he can survive by himself. Along hisjourney, the man encounters death as he falls into a spring, where "At a place where therewere no signs, where the soft, unbroken snow seemed to advertise solidity beneath, theman broke through. It was not deep. He wet himself halfway up the knees before hefloundered out to the firm crust". Then the man builds a fire beneath a tree and snow fallsover it putting it out. London creates these natural events in the plot to prove they are notthe cause of the man's death.Using characterization, London is able to display on account of who is alive atthe end how one benefits from being social. The old-timer at Sulfur Creek is alive becausehe is experienced and wise enough to benefit from others' experiences that it is not wise totravel alone in the Yukon. The boys at camp are also alive because they are together andcan benefit from each other. The logger's husky is alive because it is well-suited for theYukon environment, while the logger is not. Unlike the other characters, London has theman die at the end of the story to display that he dies because of his arrogance in1his ability to travel alone. If the man travels with a companion, he can benefit from himand possibly return safely to camp.London's point is achieved through these three devices to prove that the causeof the logger's death is his rugged individualism which concludes to not having anyone tobenefit from. London's message is that all of us need to learn how to be social and learnhow to benefit from each other in order to survive.[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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